Wine Fundamentals
Grape Varietals
Wine & Food Pairings
Wine

We at Highlander Wine & Spirits believe that knowing more about wine can increase your enjoyment. We also believe that learning about wine should be fun - something that is sure to happen as you experience new tastes and styles. That's why we keep our information concise and approachable, in an easy-to-understand language.
Grape Varietals - Red Wines
Barbera
- Growing Regions: Piedmont
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Currant, smoke, cherry, blackberry, chocolate
- Acidity: High
- Body: Full
- Food Pairings: Pasta with red sauce, chicken, duck
Cabernet Franc
- Growing Regions: Bordeaux, California, Loire Valley, Okanagan Valley, Ontario
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Currant, bell pepper, raspberry, black cherry, violet, cedar, floral and herbal notes
- Acidity: Low
- Body: Light to medium
- Food Pairings: Lasagna, chicken, Greek dishes
Cabernet Sauvignon
- Growing Regions: Australia, Bordeaux, California, Chile, Tuscany, Okanagan Valley, Ontario, Washington
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Black currant, black cherry, cedar, spice, green pepper, herb, plum, olive, anise, tobacco, chocolate and mint
- Acidity: Moderate
- Body: Medium to full
- Food Pairings: Grilled steak, leg of lamb, venison, cheddar and mild yellow cheeses
Carmenere
- Growing Regions: Chile
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Blackberry, plum, chocolate, coffee, spice, herb, smoke
- Acidity: Low
- Body: Medium
- Food Pairings: Meat of vegetable lasagna, lamb, chicken, duck, baked ham, pork tenderloin
Dolcetto
- Growing Regions: Piedmont
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Blackberry, blueberry, plum, almond, jam, cherry, anise
- Acidity: Low to moderate
- Body: Light to medium
- Food Pairings: Meat lasagna, vegetable pastas, veal, grilled vegetables, chicken, duck, ham, lamb, quail, steak
Gamay
- Growing Regions: Beaujolais
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Strawberry, raspberry, cherry and floral notes.
- Acidity: Moderate
- Body: Light
- Food Pairings: Turkey, fried ham, roast, cheddar cheese, fish with rich sauce, lasagna, pork, chicken, veal
Grenache
- Growing Regions: California, Rhone, Spain
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Raspberry, spice, blackberries, pepper and earth
- Acidity: Low to moderate
- Body: Medium to full
- Food Pairings: Pork, lamb chops
Malbec
- Growing Regions: Argentina, Bordeaux, Chile
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Blackberry, plum, black currant, dried cherry, tobacco, spice, game
- Acidity: Low to moderate
- Body: Medium to full
- Food Pairings: Rare beef, chicken, spicy dishes, pasta
Merlot
- Growing Regions: Argentina, Australia, Bordeaux, California, Chile, Italy, Okanagan Valley, Washington, South Africa
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Plum, herb, spice, blueberry, cherry, chocolate, blackberry, currant
- Acidity: Low
- Body: Medium
- Food Pairings: Roast beef, Tenderloin, pork, quail, duck, pasta with meat sauce, hard cheeses
Mourvedre
- Growing Regions: Australia, California, Rhone, Spain
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Game, pepper, blackberry, cherry, blackberry, leather, herb and spice
- Acidity: High
- Body: Medium
- Food Pairings: Stew, roast beef, vegetable dishes
Nebbiolo
- Growing Regions: Piedmont
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Earth, tar, raspberry, roses, violets, blackberry, wild cherry, plum, truffles
- Acidity: High
- Body: Medium
- Food Pairings: Venison, Beef Wellington, lamb, ribs, cheddar cheese
Nero d'Avola
- Growing Regions: Sicily
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Black currant, raspberry, cherry, plum, spice, pepper, smoke
- Acidity: High
- Body: Full
- Food Pairings: Roast, ribs, steak, seasoned cheese
Petite Syrah
- Growing Regions: Australia, California, South Africa
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Currant, pepper, prunes, cassis, leather, plums, cherry and blackberry
- Acidity: High
- Body: Medium
- Food Pairings: Steak, buffalo, pheasant, roast beef, venison, lamb, ribs, cheddar cheese
Pinotage
- Growing Regions: California, New Zealand, South Africa
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Pepper, black fruit, wild berry, chocolate, smoke, spice, nut, game
- Acidity: Moderate
- Body: Medium to full
- Food Pairings: Venison, ribs, sushi
Pinot Noir
- Growing Regions: Australia, Burgundy, California, Chile, Tuscany, New Zealand, Okanagan Valley, Ontario, Oregon
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: >Green pepper, chocolate, mushroom, currant, truffle, black cherry, strawberry, spice, raspberry, herb
- Acidity: Moderate
- Body: Medium to full
- Food Pairings: Roast beef, tenderloin, roast duck, goose, quail, ham, salmon, leg of lamb, grilled tuna, chicken, veal
Sangiovese
- Growing Regions: Tuscany, California
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Cherry, raspberry, raisin, olives, earth, plum, spice and anise
- Acidity: Moderate to high
- Body: Light to medium
- Food Pairings: Pasta with red sauce, pork, veal, roast, grilled tuna, lamb, chicken, vegetarian dishes
Syrah/Shiraz
- Growing Regions: Australia, California, Chile, Okanagan Valley, Ontario, Rhone, South Africa, Washington
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Pepper, spice, leather, black cherry, blackberry, jam, spice, tar, smoke and nut
- Acidity: Low to moderate
- Body: Medium to full
- Food Pairings: Grilled steak, venison, lamb, cheddar cheese
Tempranillo
- Growing Regions: Portugal, Spai
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Leather, spice, cherry, plum, raisin, cassis, vanilla, strawberry, black currant, tobacco and brown sugar
- Acidity: Low to moderate
- Body: Medium
- Food Pairings: Pork, lamb chops, chicken, halibut
Zinfandel
- Growing Regions: California, Italy (Primitivo)
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Jam, blackberry, cherry, blueberry, plum, raspberry, and black pepper
- Acidity: Low to moderate
- Body: Medium to full
- Food Pairings: Lamb, venison, steak, ribs, fried ham, vegetarian dishes
Grape Varietals - White Wines
Chardonnay
- Growing Regions: Argentina, Australia, Burgundy, California, Chile, New Zealand, Okanagan Valley, Ontario, Oregon, Washington, South Africa
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Apple, vanilla, peas, fig, peas, melon, pineapple, butterscotch, lemon, grapefruit, spice, peach, honey, pear, butter, hazelnut, mineral and chalk
- Acidity: Moderate to high
- Body: Light to medium
- Food Pairings: Chicken veal, sole, pork, turkey, quail, goose, spicy sausage, brie and cream cheeses, grilled halibut, pasta with white or seafood sauce, lobster
Chenin Blanc
- Growing Regions: California, Loire Valley, South Afric
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Melon, peach, orange, spice, pine, citrus, honey, green apple, mineral and floral notes
- Acidity: High
- Body: Light to medium
- Food Pairings: Seasoned chicken, sweet roast ham
Gewurztraminer
- Growing Regions: Alsace, California, Germany, Okanagan Valley, Ontario
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Lychee nut, grapefruit, perfume and floral notes
- Acidity: Low to moderate
- Body: Medium to full
- Food Pairings: Ham, sausage, turkey, chicken, goose, vegetable lasagna, Asian dishes, lobster, scallops, grilled vegetables
Pinot Blanc
- Growing Regions: Alsace, Burgundy, California, Germany, Italy
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Pear, apple, spice, citrus, almond, honey and mineral notes
- Acidity: Moderate to high
- Body: Medium to full
- Food Pairings: Duck, goose, clams, oysters, steamed vegetables
Pinot Grigio/Pinot Gris
- Growing Regions: Alsace, California, Italy, Oregon
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Peach, pear, orange rind, pine, citrus, floral and mineral notes
- Acidity: Moderate
- Body: Light to medium
- Food Pairings: Pasta with vegetables or white sauce, pork, green vegetables, sausage
Riesling
- Growing Regions: Alsace, California, Germany, Okanagan Valley, Ontario
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Apricot, citrus, peach, honeysuckle, petrol, floral and mineral notes
- Acidity: Moderate to high
- Body: Light
- Food Pairings: Seasoned chicken, lobster, shrimp, crab, sushi made with sole, steamed vegetables, sweet roast ham, sausage, Indian or Asian dishes with German Riesling
Sauvignon Blanc
- Growing Regions: Australia, Bordeaux, California, Chile, Loire Valley, New Zealand, Okanagan Valley, Ontario, South Africa, Washington
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Apricot, citrus, peach, honeysuckle, petrol, floral and mineral notes
- Acidity: High
- Body: Medium
- Food Pairings: Salmon, sole, cod, shrimp, sushi, green vegetables, brie, vegetable lasagna, duck, goose, fried chicken
Semillon
- Growing Regions: Australia, Bordeaux, California
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Fig, honey, lemon, pear, gooseberry, vanilla, toast and grass
- Acidity: Low to moderate
- Body: Medium to full
- Food Pairings: Grilled seafood, shellfish, roasted chicken, quail, baked ham, pasta in cream sauce, brie
Viognier
- Growing Regions: Australia, California, Rhone
- Bouquet and Flavor Profile: Apricot, peach, honeysuckle, spice, wood perfume and floral notes
- Acidity: Low to moderate
- Body: Medium to full
- Food Pairings: Duck, goose, roasted quail shellfish, smoked salmon, pasta with cream or seafood sauce
Wine & Food Pairing
Meat Dishes
- Grilled Steak - Cabernet Sauvignon, Shiraz, Pinot Noir
- Hamburger - Any inexpensive wine
- Roast Beef - Pinot Noir, Merlot
- Tenderloin - Pinot Noir, Merlot, Bordeaux red
- Chicken - Most white wines are a good match
- Duck/Goose - Pinot Blanc, Viognier, Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Merlot, Rhone red, Bordeaux red
- Ham - Rose, Pinot Noir, Gewurztraminer
- Lamb - Cabernet Sauvignon, Pinot Noir, Spanish reds, Italian reds, St. Emilion red
- Seasoned Lamb - Zinfandel, Rhone red
- Pork - Chardonnay, Spanish or Italian reds, Merlot
- Sausage - Gewurztraminer
- Turkey - Most white wines are a good match, Rose, Pinot Noir, Beaujolais
- Veal - Chardonnay, Gavi, Vernaccia, Chianti, light Bordeaux red or white
- Venison - Cabernet, Nebbiolo, Syrah, Zinfandel, Rhone red
Seafood Dishes
- Crab - Riesling
- Lobster - Dry Riesling, Burgundy white, Champagne
- Oysters - Muscadet, Chablis, Champagne
- Salmon - Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot Noir
- Shrimp - Sauvignon Blanc, Riesling
- Tuna - Pinot Noir, Beaujolais
- White fish - Sauvignon Blanc, Soave, Chardonnay
Pasta Dishes
- Red Sauce - Chianti
- Vegetables - Pinot Grigio, Valpolicella, Beaujolais
- White Sauce - Pinot Grigio, Gavi, Chardonnay
Vegetarian Dishes
- Green Vegetables - Pinot Gris, Sauvignon Blanc
- Bean & Cheese Dishes - Pinot Grigio, Valpolicella, Beaujolais
Asian Dishes
- Riesling, Gewurztraminer, inexpensive Champagne
Snackfoods
- Brie - Chardonnay, Semillon
- Cheddar - Merlot, Cabernet, Nebbiolo, Petite Syrah, Shiraz
- Chocolate - Champagne
